Palm Stearine Fatty Acid is a high-melting fraction derived from palm oil, known for its rich content of saturated fatty acids, particularly palmitic and stearic acids. It is available in a range of melting points and iodine values, which makes it suitable for the production of solid fat products such as shortenings, margarines, and fat spreads. The high melting point of palm stearine (44ºC–56ºC) can pose challenges in the manufacture of solid fat products as it confers low plasticity and does not completely melt at body temperature. The palmitic acid content of stearins varies from 47% to 74%, while oleic acid ranges from 15% to 37%. This fraction is more viable in composition and physical characteristics, with a wide range in solid fat content consistent with the wide range in iodine value for this fraction.
Palm Stearine Fatty Acid is also used in the production of biodiesel, where it can be processed from palm oil processing by-products with an acid value of 120~180MGKOH/G. The interesterification of palm stearine with liquid vegetable oils can yield a good solid fat stock that may impart desirable physical properties, as palm stearine is a useful source of vegetable hard fat, providing β' stable solid fats. It is also used in the manufacture of semisolid consistency products, which can be further hardened by random interesterification without the subsequent formation of trans fatty acids.
Overall, Palm Stearine Fatty Acid is valued for its natural hard component in the production of solid fat products and its potential use in the biodiesel industry, offering a fully natural and versatile ingredient for various applications.